Flutter如何适配鸿蒙Next系统并打HAP安装包

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因最近有媒体报道后期鸿蒙Next系统不支持安卓应用的安装，虽然不清楚真假，但作为开发我们也需要为此做准备

Overview

因最近有媒体报道后期鸿蒙Next系统不支持安卓应用的安装，虽然不清楚真假，但作为开发我们也需要为此做准备。

着手调研使用Flutter打适配鸿蒙Next的HAP包的技术方案后，通过分析和对比最后也确认了开源鸿蒙定制Flutter的方案，这种方案对于Flutter项目来说是一种开放成本最低的方式。

安装适配鸿蒙系统的Flutter

关于Flutter的配置可以参考开源鸿蒙适配的Flutter中的文档一步步进行配置。

配置成功后如下方所示：

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zhouwei@FYMacBook-Air ~ % flutter doctor -v
[!] Flutter (Channel master, 3.7.12, on macOS 12.6.9 21G726 darwin-x64, locale zh-Hans-CN)
    • Flutter version 3.7.12 on channel master at /Users/zhouwei/Desktop/hm_flutter
    ! Upstream repository https://gitee.com/openharmony-sig/flutter_flutter.git is not a standard
      remote.
      Set environment variable "FLUTTER_GIT_URL" to
      https://gitee.com/openharmony-sig/flutter_flutter.git to dismiss this error.
    • Framework revision 198162b99b (18 hours ago), 2023-11-23 12:38:27 +0000
    • Engine revision 1a65d409c7
    • Dart version 2.19.6
    • DevTools version 2.20.1
    • Pub download mirror https://pub.flutter-io.cn
    • Flutter download mirror https://storage.flutter-io.cn
    • If those were intentional, you can disregard the above warnings; however it is recommended
      to use "git" directly to perform update checks and upgrades.

[✓] OpenHarmony toolchain - develop for OpenHarmony devices
    • OpenHarmony Sdk location: /Users/zhouwei/Documents/sdk, available api versions has [10]
    • hdc version 1.3.0
    • ohpm version 1.2.0
    • signTool location:/Users/zhouwei/Documents/developtools_hapsigner/autosign

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.2)
    • Android SDK at /Users/zhouwei/Library/Android/sdk
    • Platform android-33, build-tools 33.0.2
    • ANDROID_HOME = /Users/zhouwei/Library/Android/sdk
    • Java binary at: /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.15+0-b2043.56-8887301)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 14.2)
    • Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
    • Build 14C18
    • CocoaPods version 1.11.3

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome

[✓] Android Studio (version 2022.1)
    • Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
      🔨 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.15+0-b2043.56-8887301)

[✓] VS Code (version 1.82.0)
    • VS Code at /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents
    • Flutter extension version 3.70.0

[✓] Connected device (2 available)
    • macOS (desktop) • macos  • darwin-x64     • macOS 12.6.9 21G726 darwin-x64
    • Chrome (web)    • chrome • web-javascript • Google Chrome 119.0.6045.159

[✓] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

编译适配鸿蒙系统的Flutter engine

根据适配鸿蒙系统的Flutter版本中的文档配置完后，打HAP包则需要指定--local-engine。

如果你发现在执行完flutter doctor -v命令后，在flutter/bin/cache/artifacts/engine目录下没有发现鸿蒙的engine的时候，需要我们手动编译可构建支持在OpenHarmony设备上运行的flutter engine程序。

同样我们可以查考可构建支持在OpenHarmony设备上运行的flutter engine程序中的文档进行编译。

需要注意的是我们在编译前需要下载depot_tools

我们可以使用下方命令进行下载（终端需要配置代理）：

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git clone https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git

所有一切都成功后便可编译HAP包安装到模拟器或手机(Next系统)手机。

适配鸿蒙Next的Flutter项目

参考文献